Groups CAP

Community-acquired pneumonia is today one of the important problems, since, despite the presence of a large selection of antibiotics, morbidity and mortality of pneumonia continues to be high. This is due to decreased immunity Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults   of the population (especially the elderly) and addictive pathogens to certain types of antibiotics Antibiotics - whether they will help you in the foreseeable future? .

Pneumonia can be community-acquired and nosocomial. Community-acquired pneumonia - it is pneumonia, which began at home (ambulatory) conditions. Nosocomial pneumonia is considered to be when it began two days after admission to the hospital.

Elderly people suffer from community-acquired pneumonia are several times more likely than working-age population due to lower the body's defenses. Community-acquired pneumonia can be divided into 3 groups:

• Lightweight pneumonia who are treated on an outpatient basis - the largest group of pneumonia;
• pneumonia of moderate severity, are treated at the hospital - about a fifth of all patients with community-acquired pneumonia; feature of this group is that the majority of patients have any chronic pulmonary disease, bronchial or cardiovascular system;
• severe pneumonia, which should be treated in the intensive care.

The cause of community-acquired pneumonia is an infection - most commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae, and certain types of staph that often inhabit the nasopharynx. By reducing immunity (such as the common cold or acute respiratory viral diseases) bacteria - pathogens of pneumonia into the lungs, causing disease. In recent years, increasing the proportion of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical for her (atypical) pathogens infections - chlamydia Chlamydia: insidious and widespread disease , Mycoplasma, and others.

Pneumonia can be focal (with small pockets of inflammation), segmental (affecting one or more segments of the lungs), equity (affected lobe of the lung) and total (affecting all lung). In addition, pneumonia may be one-sided and double-sided.

How is

Pneumococcal or lobar (usually segmental or lobar pneumonia) Pneumonia begins acutely, with fever, chills, chest pain on the side of inflammation. Shortness of breath, dry cough Dry cough - whether to worry about it? , Feeling of weakness, headache. Chest pain can be so severe that the patient is forced to suppress cough. From 3-4 days of illness there is a characteristic rusty sputum mixed with blood. The temperature is kept up to 10 days or more. Usually it affects not only the lungs but also the cardiovascular system, so this disease is treated only in a hospital.

Focal pneumonia occurs in a different way. It starts slow, haunting first appears dry cough, sometimes moderate rise in temperature (the temperature may be normal or, on the contrary, rise to high numbers), impaired general condition of the body, there are malaise, headache, pain in muscles and joints. After some time, the cough becomes wet, it begins to cough sputum yellow.

The elderly pneumonia occurs erased quickly. They seldom rise high temperature, sometimes almost absent cough. The only signs of pneumonia may be shortness of breath and palpitations.

Preventing community treatment - a hardening of the body at any age.

Galina Romanenko

The essence of the Buteyko method

In the early 50-ies Novosibirsk Dr. Buteyko, engaged in functional diagnostic methods, noted that the reduction of inhalation causes a paradoxical reaction in the form of expansion of blood vessels and a rush of blood to organs and tissues. This happens due to the fact that the fabric can not receive less oxygen, so the blood vessels under the influence of carbon dioxide accumulated in the tissues reflexively dilate and improves the power authority. Including delivery of oxygen to tissues.

Buteyko experimentally proved that in the blood of healthy people contain far more carbon dioxide than in the blood of patients.

The Buteyko Method is that it decreases the supply of oxygen to the body by the economy that is limited inspiration. This is achieved by gradually reducing the strong-willed depth of breathing, first alone and then when driving and during exercise. During training, there is a constant relaxation of the respiratory muscles until the light feeling of lack of air.

The method is very difficult to perform, no remote method (ie, at a distance, according to the instructions) it is impossible to master. Of course, people theoretically understand everything very quickly, but almost impossible to learn, because it is difficult and requires the support and training from an experienced instructor.

So if someone from the patient decides that this method it needs, it must clear idea of ​​the difficulty of its execution and to abandon attempts to master his own. The theoretical part of the method, of course, it is advisable to first learn not to waste time on it then, but the practical training should take place only under the supervision of an instructor.

Buteyko Breathing trial, indications and contraindications for its method

Before you start mastering the technique of limited breathing Buteyko recommends a breath test, which will determine how sick the person (ie, how much of his blood contains carbon dioxide). To conduct tests to do a normal breath and hold your breath for a long time as possible. In healthy people, it can take up to two minutes, while seriously ill - a few seconds. There are also functional tests using a special diagnostic equipment.

Buteyko believed that at low rates of respiratory samples of his method is especially shown. Using this method, he treated a variety of diseases, which are accompanied by hyperventilation Hyperventilation - when breathing is not easy   (ie deep rapid breathing and reducing the amount of carbon dioxide). This difficulty of nasal breathing, loss of smell, shortness of breath at rest and during mild exertion (no pause after exhalation, even at rest), any kind of cough (including asthma), feeling short of breath, tightness and pain of different nature in the chest, spasms of the larynx and bronchi. In these patients, impaired posture, deformed thorax, which further exacerbates the situation.

Contraindications for learning Buteyko breathing method are acute diseases (including infections), acute phase of myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction - the most formidable diagnosis   and stroke Stroke - a serious brain injury , Asthmatic status (long flowing asthma attack), the tendency to thrombosis (blood clot threat of separation), the threat of bleeding, mental illness Mental illness - ashamed to ask for help?   and mental defects which do not allow the patient to understand the essence of the technique.

How are the training sessions on the Buteyko method

KP Buteyko believed that his technique should not be used in conjunction with other treatments, which for many years led to active opposition from doctors, as it undertook to treat critically ill patients.

Buteyko Breathing involves three main stages or exercise:

• The first stage - holding your breath, that is administered to the patient in a state of slight lack of air, and then to breathe calmly and shallowly, trying as much as possible for a long time to feel the lack of air; once irresistibly drawn a deep breath, the exercise starts again;
• the second stage - holding your breath while walking: to hold his nose and walk, then gradually open the nose and breath, and then repeat the exercise several times;
• third stage - reducing the volume of inhalation due to relaxation of the whole body, rather than by willpower; it is difficult, you must learn to control breath and go through with no effort, that is, not noticing the inconvenience.

The Buteyko Method is very architectural and difficult to implement, but with the right approach and teaching it works.

Galina Romanenko