The prostate gland - a small organ about the size of a walnut. It lies below the bladder, urethra covers, and produces prostatic juice, which is a component of semen. Problems with the prostate are common among men over fifty years. Most of them are treated successfully and without prejudice to sexual function.

One of these problems - prostate adenoma, or benign enlargement of the prostate. It is usually detected during a rectal examination. Usually adenoma starts to develop in men aged a little over thirty years, but it progresses slowly and the first symptoms appear, usually only after fifty years.

Adenoma of the prostate occurs in approximately half of men over fifty years, but only 10% of those in need of treatment. It is not a precursor of malignant diseases.

The symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia

This violation increases the size of the prostate gland, causing it to compress the urethra can, which runs through the center of the prostate. This can make it difficult to talk of urine from the bladder through the urethra. Because of this, the need to urinate become more frequent, but the urination difficult. More serious problems associated with BPH are urinary tract infections, and, as a consequence, complete blockage of the urethra. In some cases, this leads to kidney damage.

Treatment

In most cases, an adenoma of the prostate is not required to treat - enough to pass a medical examination once a year to monitor the development of adenomas. Treatment is prescribed in those cases where BPH BPH - to blame if men themselves?   It causes serious symptoms.

Medication

For the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia can be assigned to receive the following medicines:

• Alpha-blockers relax the smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder neck Urinary bladder - structure and function That makes it easier to obstruction caused by an enlarged prostate. Side effects of alpha-blockers may be headaches, fatigue, or lightheadedness. The most commonly used alpha-blockers such as tamsulosin, alfuzosin, terazosin and doxazosin. The improvement of symptoms generally occurs within a few weeks, although alpha-blockers, and do not affect the size of the prostate;
• Inhibitors of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors block the conversion of the male hormone testosterone Five myths about testosterone   in the prostate gland in its active form - dihydrotestosterone. Since the enlargement of the prostate is directly related to DHT, these drugs for a period of 6 to 12 months, reducing the size of the prostate gland by an average of 25%. Inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are finasteride and dutasteride. Side effects of finasteride can be decreased libido, erection problems Erection - what hinders and what helps a man to be a man   and / or ejaculation.

Surgical treatments

Surgical procedures used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, if it is not amenable to medical treatment, or if the cause very serious symptoms.

• Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Using a special tool, which is introduced into the urethra through penis cut portion of the inner part of the prostate tissue to improve urinary flow from the bladder.
• Laser treatments. For the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia there are a number of laser procedures in which tissue is removed as causing obstruction. Recovery of laser procedures is faster than after TURP, but for some patients, they are not as effective.
• Microwave therapy. During the procedure, the waves of microwave energy is used to gradually reduce the size of the prostate.

When choosing a treatment should be carefully weigh the benefits and risks. The most effective treatment is a TURP, but it is also potentially the most dangerous. However, in most cases, treatment of prostatic adenoma passes successfully without serious complications.

Prostatitis - a swelling or inflammation of the prostate gland, which is often accompanied by pain. The prostate gland is located just below the bladder in men and develops a certain proportion of the seminal fluid. In young men the prostate is a walnut-sized. With age, it increases. There are several types of prostatitis Types of prostatitis: what makes a diagnosis . They vary depending on the stage of the disease and the existing symptoms.

Prostatitis can be bacterial, but quite often the reason for its occurrence is unknown.

The role of infectious factors for prostate

In most cases, the infection of the prostate occurs when there were morphological changes on the part of the gland itself. Due to the presence of local tissue immunity, the protective properties of prostatic secretions, breast tissue has the ability to resist the effects of pathological microorganisms. Infections of the prostate is necessary to refer to the complicated variants of the disease, when accompanied by agents of an existing prostate.

A distinctive feature is the non-specificity and diversity of pathogens. There are cases of detection of specific pathogens that are transmitted during sexual intercourse. These pathogens include gonorrhea, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, trichomonas and others. Infections caused by prostatitis, often occur in a polymicrobial association of several pathogens. Often this is the reason for delayed diagnosis and treatment failure. In the appointment of treatment should take into account this feature and use drugs with a maximum antibacterial activity.

For patients who are faced with the problem of prostatitis is an important question as to whether the prostate is transmitted sexually. We should speak about the influence of specific microflora as an infectious agent. Prostatitis occurs when the following diseases, which are a group of sexually transmitted infections:

• Chlamydia
• trichomoniasis
• mycoplasmosis
• genital herpes

As the frequency of detection of microorganisms in chronic changes within the prostate gland is difficult to draw conclusions about the role of a specific pathogen. Long process in cancer tissue resulting in the formation of association of several microorganisms.

How can we classify the disease

The inflammatory process in the prostate, may take the form of an acute or chronic disease. Classification of prostatitis based not only on how long the ongoing pathological changes, as well as laboratory data structure of the gland secretions. The presence or absence of certain pathogens that affect the level of white blood cells and determine the features of the clinical picture that is taken into account in the process of diagnostic measures.

If the causative agent acts as a bacterial factor, the clinical symptoms are present the local inflammatory process and general intoxication symptoms. This form of the disease is classified as acute bacterial prostatitis Bacterial prostatitis - can be acute or chronic . The attack of prostatitis is accompanied by the phenomena of total intoxication, which lend themselves to fast regress, regress on the background of anti-inflammatory therapy. If the duration of the disease more than three months and already there is a profound violation that meets the criteria of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Pathogens prostatitis are the basis of classification based on determining the cause of the infection process. One of the most common forms of the disease are infectious prostatitis, which is divided into bacterial, viral, chlamydial, trichomonal, gonococcal and others. Depending on the type of agent detected the therapy one or both sexual partners when it comes to the specific nature of the disease.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Symptoms lasting (chronic) prostatitis are mild and occur slowly, weeks or months. These include:

• Frequent urge to urinate. But urine comes out quite a bit.
• Acute pain during urination.
• Difficulties with the start of urination, urine leaves no continuous flow, intermittent and weak stream, after voiding urine continues to dribble.
• Frequent urination at night.
• Constant feeling of fullness of the bladder.
• Pain in the lower back, in the area between the testicles and anus, in the lower abdomen or upper thighs, or above the pubis. The pain may be aggravated during stool.
• Pain during or after ejaculation.
• Pain in the head of the penis.

Symptoms of acute prostatitis is similar, but there are suddenly and quite pronounced. You may also see a high fever or chills.

Some men have no symptoms.

Diagnostics

Very often, the doctor can tell if there yl patient prostatitis, learned about its symptoms and health status in recent years. Also, the doctor inspects, including a digital examination of the rectum. The study is conducted as follows: a gloved hand covered with a lubricating composition, the doctor probes the prostate through the rectum. In addition, samples are taken from the blood and urine tests to determine the type of prostatitis or search for other causes of the patient's problems.

Treatment

Bacterial prostatitis is treated with antibiotics, as well as by observing the rules of hygiene. If prostatitis is caused by other reasons, it is easy to home treatment.

Home treatment includes drinking a lot of fluids and proper rest. Also can help painkillers without a prescription.

Your doctor may prescribe medication to reduce the pain and reduce swelling. He can also recommend a means to improve the functioning of the intestines and relax the muscles of the bladder.

Surgical methods for the treatment of prostatitis are rarely used.

Acute prostatitis

Treatment of acute prostatitis is aimed at combating infection with antibiotics and the prevention of complications. Acute bacterial prostatitis is treated with antibiotics, painkillers and fever-reducing medications, stool softeners, and by consuming large amounts of fluid and recreation.

• If you have problems with urination or required intravenous antibiotics, the patient can be put on treatment in the hospital.
• Condition of most men is improving quickly enough. The treatment lasts four to six weeks.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

Treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis - is mainly suppressing infection and prevent complications. Patients are given antibiotics for six to twelve weeks. Long-term treatment with antibiotics may be needed if the infection returns.

• Infected stones prostate gland can slow the fight against infection. It can be removed using surgical methods.
• Surgery may be required if the cause of prostatitis Causes of prostatitis: it can lead to disease   are the problems encountered in the urinary tract, such as narrowing of the bladder neck or urethra.
• Very often, only in extreme cases, for the treatment of recurrent infection surgically remove the prostate (prostatectomy).

Chronic prostatitis / gas pain syndrome inflammatory

Complex is the treatment of chronic prostatitis Chronic prostatitis - every man should know his signs Or gas pain syndrome, inflammatory nature.

• First, patients are given antibiotics. If symptoms do not go away, then this treatment is stopped.
• If muscle spasms cause soreness or problems with urination, the patients are given muscle relaxants and alpha-blockers. Drugs that slow the inflammatory processes may also ease the pain.
• Sometimes used finasteride - a drug that slows down the growth of prostate cancer.
• Relieving symptoms can help prostate massage 3-4 times a week.
• Medical consultation, biofeedback and relaxation techniques can help reduce stress, which contributes to increased pain.

Chronic prostatitis / gas pain syndrome noninflammatory nature

This form of the disease is difficult to treat because it is not clear what is its cause. The main goal of treatment - a reduction of symptoms. Moreover, many treatments are applied, including:

• Non-narcotic analgesics
• Muscle relaxants
• Alpha-blockers
• Sedatives
• Physiotherapy, exercise, massage therapy, biofeedback or stress management. For some patients, these techniques are very helpful.

Also recommended refuse caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, for example, red pepper, chili pepper, hot sauces and marinades, especially in cases where they contribute to strengthening of the symptoms.