Causes of miscarriage

Miscarriage cause a variety of reasons, which often can not be defined. In the first trimester abortion cause often becomes chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus when a non-standard set of chromosomes. Most chromosomal abnormalities result from defects in the sperm or egg, or in connection with the temporary problem of division of the zygote. Among the other common causes of miscarriage experts are the following (although this is not an exhaustive list):

• Hormonal problems, infections or health problems in women
• Unhealthy lifestyle (active smoking, drug abuse, poor nutrition, excessive caffeine, radiation Radiation and its biological effect: gently infected!   or exposure to toxic substances)
• Improper planting egg in the uterus
• Age of mother
• Injury mother

Factors that supposedly can cause miscarriage, can be attributed to sex, hard physical work (especially in hazardous conditions) or exercise.

What are the symptoms of miscarriage?

If you show up at least some of these symptoms, it is important to apply as soon as possible to the doctor or to the hospital:

• Low back pain (often stronger than normal menstrual cramps)
• Weight loss
• The appearance of white and pink slime
• True contractions (very painful contractions every 5-20 minutes)
• Frequent stools
• Brown or bright red blood discharge, sometimes accompanied by spasms (20 - 30% of all women in the first weeks of pregnancy face bleeding, and about 50% of them further pregnancy is normal)
• Isolation of tissue from the vagina clots
• Sickness
• The disappearance of the signs of pregnancy or loss of breast tenderness

Types of miscarriage

As a rule, miscarriage - a rather lengthy process and not an event. There are several steps or types of miscarriage. Also, there are many sources from which you can learn all about healthy fetal development and a better understanding of what is happening in your stomach. Awareness of the early development of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy can help you in determining the possible risk factors that can lead to miscarriage.

• The threat of miscarriage: a uterine bleeding Uterine bleeding outside of menstruation - a sign of a serious breach   in the first weeks of pregnancy, which is accompanied by painful cramps or back pain Low back pain: the spine signals . The cervix remains closed. Such bleeding often caused by the planting of a fertilized egg.
• The inevitable or incomplete miscarriage: pain in the abdomen or lower back, which is accompanied by bleeding and cervical dilatation. Miscarriage called inevitable if there is cervical dilation or effacement and / or rupture of membranes. Bleeding and cramps may persist if the miscarriage is incomplete.
• Complete miscarriage: miscarriage is considered complete when the embryo or the result of conception came out of the womb. In this case, the bleeding stops quickly, and with it the stop cramps and pain. Complete miscarriage is confirmed by ultrasound or surgical curettage Curettage - Women's mini-operation .
• Missed miscarriage that many women experience a miscarriage without knowing it. If you missed abortion occurs the death of the embryo, but there is no release of the fetus from the uterus. The reasons for this phenomenon are unknown. About missed abortion can be judged by the disappearance of the signs of pregnancy and lack of fetal heart rate, which is determined by ultrasound.
• Repeated miscarriage: in this case there are three or more consecutive miscarriages in the first trimester. From this phenomenon affect 1% of couples trying to conceive.
• Anembrioniya: no fruit. The fertilized egg grows into the uterine wall, but fetal development never happens. Often formed gestational bag with a yolk sac or not, but the growth of the fetus is missing.
• Ectopic (tubal) pregnancy: a fertilized egg in the uterus is not, as elsewhere, most often in the fallopian tubes. In this case, you should immediately contact a doctor to prevent ingrown egg. Tightening ectopic pregnancy can lead to serious complications and endanger women's health.
• Horionadenoma: genetic errors result in fertilization, which leads to abnormal growth of tissue in the uterus. Horionadenoma rarely accompanied by the development of the embryo, but often it is accompanied by all the characteristics of a full pregnancy, including a missed period, positive pregnancy test and severe nausea.

Today, there are so many different contraceptive methods that everyone can try out some of them, choose the most suitable for you. The fact that the number of unwanted pregnancies and abortions are still very high, says negligence of some people towards their health, rather than the inaccessibility of contraceptives.

Effective method of contraception

• Vasectomy - almost 100%
• Sterilization - almost 100%
• Hormonal birth control pills - almost 100%
• Contraceptive injection - almost 100%
• Hormonal IUD - 98-99%
• IUD - 97-98%
• Mini-tablets - about 98%
• Condoms (both male and female) - 90-98%
• The diaphragm with spermicide - 90-96%

In addition, it should be borne in mind that all of these methods of contraception only condoms protect against sexually transmitted diseases by.

There is no better method of contraception for all. Everyone, selecting a method for himself, must take into account the following factors:

• General health
• The frequency of sexual intercourse
• Number of sexual partners
• Possible side effects
• Your comfort level using contraceptive methods

The calendar method of contraception

This method involves abstaining from sex or using a barrier method of contraception in those days, when your fertility is at its peak (ie, when the chance of getting pregnant is especially high).

A woman who has regular menstrual cycles may become pregnant for about nine days a month - five days before ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? Three days after the day of ovulation and directly. In order to successfully use this method, you need to watch your menstrual cycle, measure the basal temperature Basal temperature - try to move less   body and monitor changes the cervical mucus. This method of contraception is one of the most unreliable - the probability of becoming pregnant while using it is between 9 and 40%.

Barrier methods of contraception

• Contraceptive Sponge

The contraceptive sponge - it is a soft, disk-shaped device with a loop to pull the sponge out. It is made of polyurethane and impregnated with spermicide nonoxynol-9. Before intercourse sponge should be wet and enter the vagina looped down so that it covers the cervix. The sponge is effective for 24 hours, including if you have had more than one sexual intercourse. To prevent pregnancy, the sponge must remain in the vagina for at least six hours after intercourse. In general, the sponge can be left in the vagina for 30 hours.

• The female condom

Female condoms are inserted into the vagina and prevent the penetration of sperm into the body. They can be worn up to 8 hours before intercourse. They protect against both pregnancy and of sexually transmitted diseases by. The main disadvantages of the female condom is their unfamiliarity (to learn how to use them properly, you need some time to practice) and a high, especially when compared with male condoms cost. Use both male and female condoms can not, because of the friction can break both of them.

• The male condom

This is the most convenient-to-use means of contraception, which is ideal for people who do not have a regular sexual partner. For greater security, it is recommended to use condoms along with vaginal spermicide. Do not use condoms with lubricants based on oils, since they can lead to damage and rupture of the latex.

Hormonal methods of contraception

• Oral contraceptives

Oral birth control pills contain a combination of estrogen hormones Estrogen - the key to bone health   and progestin. With daily pill egg is not matured and is not released from the ovary - ie ovulation does not occur. Additionally, the tablets change the properties of the inner shell wall and the uterine cervical mucus so as to impede the penetration of sperm into the uterus and implantation embryo.

This method of contraception is not recommended if the woman is over 35 years old, if she smokes, and if it has a history of the disease associated with the formation of blood clots, breast cancer Breast cancer - the verdict? , Liver or endometrium.