Hormonal contraceptives have revolutionized modern life, as they were given a real opportunity to plan the birth of a child. This means that our children are increasingly born to the delight of their mothers and fathers. Unfortunately, still widely believed that hormonal contraceptives harm a woman's health, so we have retained a high percentage of abortions and unplanned birth of children with living parents replenish orphanages.

Woman's menstrual cycle

Menstrual cycle consists of three phases or periods:

• follicular maturation phase, during which the most active female sex hormone estrogen; They promote maturation of the ovum (which in turn is located in the follicle) in the ovary;
• the phase of ovulation - rupture of the follicle and release of the egg from the ovary into the abdominal cavity and from there into the fallopian tube; This phase takes place under the influence of hormones of the main endocrine glands pituitary (FSH and follicle lyuteoniziruyuschego - LH hormone), which is in the brain; signal for the release of these hormones is the necessary level of estrogen in the blood;
• phase corpus luteum or progesterone; on the site of the ruptured follicle forms the corpus luteum, which begins to produce progesterone Progesterone - norm and pathology   and estrogens; in the case of pregnancy, progesterone prepares the mucous membrane of the uterus to the introduction of the embryo; moreover, it inhibits the maturation of other follicles that could prevent the development of the pregnancy; If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum stops its function, sex hormone level drops and begins rejection is already prepared to receive the embryo of the mucous membrane of the uterus - menstruation.

What is oral contraceptives

Oral (oral) contraceptives or hormone - is preparations containing female hormones that prevent pregnancy. The cornerstone of the actions of all hormonal contraceptives is the ability of the female sex hormone progesterone to delay the development of the follicle by blocking the release of pituitary hormones (FSH and LH). The earliest hormonal contraceptives contain high doses of estrogen, it defines their main side effects: blood clots, impaired fat metabolism, increased blood pressure, etc.

Currently available hormonal contraceptives, which take into account the phase of the menstrual cycle, which allows the use of small doses of hormones and reduce the side effects to a minimum.

Triziston - hormonal contraceptive

Triziston - hybrid (consisting of two different hormones) preparation which is packaged in three sets of tablets with different combination of doses, depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. Each tablet includes synthetic analogues of natural hormones ethinyl estradiol (an analog of estrogen) and levonorgestrel (progesterone analogue).

Various combinations of analogues of progesterone inhibits follicle maturation and ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? As well as contribute to the separation of viscous mucus, preventing the penetration of sperm the female genital organs.

Indications for use

Indications for use trizistona are:

• prevention of unintended pregnancies;
• functional disorders of the menstrual cycle (including various installed cause bleeding and premenstrual syndrome).

Contraindications for use

As with any hormonal contraceptive contraindications these quite extensive:

• hypersensitivity to the drug;
• severe liver disease in violation of its functions;
• malignant tumor;
• severe cardiovascular disease, including ischemic and hypertensive heart disease, myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction - the most formidable diagnosis ;
• cerebrovascular disease, conditions after stroke Stroke - a serious brain injury ;
• thromboembolism veins and arteries;
• diabetes with complications of the vessels;
• some types of anemia;
• vaginal bleeding, the cause of which has not been established;
• severe attacks of headache (migraine);
• hearing loss;
• disorders of lipid metabolism;
• large load on the vocal cords (for example, lecturers, actors);
• age over 40 years and adolescence, as in this case, there are hormonal changes;
• seizures;
• expressed by mood disorders (depression);
• mastitis (premalignant breast disease);
• tuberculosis;
• kidney disease.

Side effects

After taking the drug may experience headache, nausea, stomach pain, breast tenderness, weight gain and a decrease in sexual desire, persistent low mood. In rare cases, after prolonged use on the face may appear brown spots, worse after sun exposure. If the profession requires a voltage of the vocal cords (for example, the singer), you can change the voice.

Triziston - qualitative hormonal contraceptive, marketed by Schering (Germany).

  Galina Romanenko

Some women believe that if they breastfeed, pregnancy can not occur. But this is not the case, pregnancy is possible, so in this period of his life, a woman should use contraceptives. If the state of emergency had happened (the condom broke, forgot to take the pill and mini-pill, etc.), it is necessary to resort to emergency contraception - it is still better than abortion.

When a nursing mother is to hedge using emergency contraception

Even in the maternity hospital obstetricians usually advise women to use one or another method of contraception, designed for nursing mothers. It may be barrier methods (condom, the cap, diaphragm) or pills mini-pill, which include progestins (synthetic analogues of the female sex hormone progesterone) in small doses.

The constant use of contraceptives is necessary in order to avoid accidents. During lactation pituitary hormone prolactin suppresses ovulation Ovulation - How to determine as accurately as possible? That is a natural contraception. But the big break between feedings (more than four to six hours), the pregnancy may still, therefore, recommended for permanent protection methods.

Sometimes regular contraceptive methods may "tear" - the condom broke What to do if the condom broke - do not panic! It was not just accepted tablet mini-pill, and so forth. In this case, after unprotected sexual intercourse is recommended to resort to emergency contraception.

Previously, the purpose of emergency contraception used different kinds of irrigation, but the effectiveness of this method is extremely low. Today, therefore, recommended that nursing mothers to resort to emergency contraception using hormone pills - eskapel and Postinor.

How do eskapel and postinor

Eskapel and postinor - a drug for emergency contraception, which include a synthetic analogue of progesterone levonorgestrel. These drugs are virtually identical, the only difference is in the dose of main active ingredient: in Postinor it contains two times less than in eskapel so postinor take a tablet twice at an interval of 12 hours, and eskapel enough to take once.

Large doses of levonorgestrel greatly inhibit the formation of female sex hormones estrogen, which slows down the ripening egg and makes it impossible to exit from the ovary (ovulation). Under the influence of this drug there are also changes in the endometrium of the uterus, resulting in the resulting embryo will not be able to penetrate into the wall of the uterus.

Rules for emergency contraception nursing mothers

First of all, you need to know that levonorgestrel is excreted in human milk, so the next day after taking the drug to breast-feed the child will not be.

To carry out the emergency contraceptive Postinor or eskapel be taken no later than three days after unprotected sex, but it is better to do it the first day. If a woman has already begun menstruating, the day of the menstrual cycle The days of the menstrual cycle: Four phases   for receiving these drugs does not matter.

Take one pill Postinor or eskapel, and 12 hours later a second pill Postinor (if accepted eskapel, the second tablet is not required). If for three hours after the first or second vomited tablets, one must take one tablet.

Take postinor eskapel or twice during one menstrual cycle can not use it every month and desirable - is a sharp blow to the body hormonal women, which may lead to bleeding.

In some cases, nursing mothers can not be carried out with the help of emergency contraception Postinor and eskapel

Nursing mothers should not be carried out with the help of emergency contraception Postinor eskapel or if she has liver problems, if you are hypersensitive to the components of this drug during pregnancy. With care and postinor eskpel Postinor - used very carefully!   should be used in diseases of the biliary tract, and ulcerative colitis. If postinor or eskapel was adopted, but the pregnancy still come, you can save it as a negative impact on the fetus does not have a levonorgestrel.

Side effects of levonorgestrel appears rarely, but still it is possible. It is a headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding not related to menstrual, transient disturbances of the menstrual cycle. And possible allergic reactions.

Emergency contraception during breast-feeding is sometimes necessary, but it can not take place frequently - this can cause severe hormonal disorders in women.

Galina Romanenko