If the usual rash, consisting of reddish spots - flat or convex - a fairly common phenomenon, the watery bubbles or blisters appear on the skin often, and can really scare. However, in most cases they are caused by a relatively benign disease. Why can appear watery blisters on the hands and what to do if they occur?

Contact dermatitis

For this disorder is characterized by inflammation of the skin, which begins as a result of contact with certain substances. Such reactions may be caused by:

• Irritant - a substance which acts directly on the skin;
• Allergen - the substance that acts on the immune system The immune system - how it works? And its reaction leads to the appearance of symptoms of contact dermatitis.

Typical symptoms of this disease are reddening of the skin, the appearance of small vesicles, dryness and peeling of the skin. Most often in contact dermatitis Dermatitis - what to do with the inflamed skin?   appear small watery blisters on the hands, but sometimes they are produced in other parts of the body.

If the symptoms are the result of exposure to the stimulus, this usually occurs within 48 hours after contact with the agent. Upon contact with the allergen bubbles and other symptoms may occur just a few days later. If one can avoid repeated exposure to an allergen or irritant, the skin returns to normal within a few days or weeks. Only in rare cases, symptoms are strongly expressed and stored for a long time.

Sometimes the bubbles cause severe itching, a man combing them, and through the damaged areas of the skin penetrate the bacteria. Symptoms of bacterial skin infections can be dramatic worsening of previously observed symptoms of contact dermatitis, general malaise, very severe itching and pain in those areas of the skin where the infection came, increased body temperature. In the event of such symptoms should consult a doctor.

The most common stimuli which can cause contact dermatitis are: soaps, detergents, antiseptics, solubilizers, perfume additives and preservatives in cosmetic products, engine oils, acids and alkalis, cement dust, soil, water (particularly tough or highly chlorinated) , a variety of plants (eg, buttercup, spurge, mustard). Very often, the disease is seen in people professions such as cook, confectioner, beautician, hairdresser, maid, construction worker, medical worker, as well as employees of the chemical industry.

Activators of allergic contact dermatitis may be cosmetic ingredients and metals (mostly - nickel and cobalt), some medicines for external application, e.g., corticosteroids, rubber, some types of adhesive, tissue and plants.

If you suspect contact dermatitis, contact your doctor. It will help you identify the cause of the causative agent of dermatitis - is essential to successful treatment. Completely avoiding contact with them is not always possible, but in many cases, you can minimize it. For the treatment of contact dermatitis may be used as emollients - wetting agents that help to alleviate the symptoms of the disease, and / or corticosteroids for topical or oral administration.

Burns

Second-degree burns may give rise to watery bubbles on the hands or on other body parts. In these burns is struck by the epidermis and dermis. Second-degree burns can be caused by contact with hot objects or flames, and prolonged and / or very intense sunlight and certain chemicals.

Signs of second-degree burns are bubbles on the skin (they can be both small and quite large), pain from touching the skin, severe redness. The skin in the area of ​​the burn can be wet and shiny. Very often these burns is enough to home treatment.

First, soak the burned hand under cold water until it is time until the pain will pass. This typically requires from fifteen minutes to an hour. Cold water not only relieve pain, but also reduces the temperature of the skin, preventing it from further damage. You can keep your finger under the tap, dip it in a bowl of water or attach to the hand towel soaked in cold water (it needs to be changed about every five minutes). Do not use ice or ice water - this can lead to skin damage.

• If there are decorations on the hands, immediately remove them. Later the skin may appear swelling, rings or bracelets will be small and will greatly compress the skin.
• When the pain subsides, wash your hands with mild soap. Pat the skin with a piece of gauze, then put on her antibiotic ointment, such as bacitracin or Polysporin.
• When the bubbles burst on the burned skin, you need to burn bandage. In other cases this is not required.

Chickenpox

Chickenpox - spread of infectious diseases that many people carry a child. It can lead to the appearance of small watery blisters on the hands and other parts of the body. Even before the appearance of symptoms a person may feel unwell, his temperature rises, there is body aches, headache, decreased appetite.

Bubbles can appear on the skin a few days after the onset of symptoms. One or two days later, the bubbles burst, and in their place appears dry crust. Typically, the skin heals from the bubbles and no trace remains, but sometimes in their place there are small scars. In most cases, chickenpox treated as well as the common cold or flu: the patient on bed rest, take antipyretics, using home remedies (honey, herbal decoction, and so on). Special treatment - for example, with the use of antiviral drugs or immunoglobulin - may require a sick chickenpox Chickenpox: painful, but not dangerous   pregnant women, infants and people with weakened immune systems Immunity - types and characteristics in children in adults .

Ringworm Ringworm - not only infectious disease   (other names - trichophytosis, dermatophytosis) - a fungal skin disease Skin diseases - what to do when violated the basic functions of the skin Which can cause severe peeling of the skin, and changing the structure of the nail. The severity of symptoms disorders often depends on what kind of dermatophytes was infectious agent. Infection can occur by contact with an infected person or animal; in the latter case, the disease usually occurs particularly hard.

There are antropofilnymi dermatophytes that can live only in humans, and geofilnye dermatophytes, which normally live in soil. Some of geofilnyh dermatophytes can infest humans or animals in contact with the soil. Zoofilnye dermatophytes parasitic on animals and can be transmitted from them to humans.

Varieties ringworm

• Tinea pedis, or "athlete's foot"

Infections of this type, caused by a dermatophyte antropofilnymi typically transmitted through skin flakes on the floor or on the shoes, which have a viable fungal cells - arthrospores. These skin cells can remain infectious for several months or years. Therefore, contamination can occur through indirect contact for a long time later, after the source of the infection got into the environment.

The most common pathogens of this species are ringworm dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, T .  interdigitale and Epidermophyton floccosum .  Their arthrospores may be in for a long time, for example, some types of carpets and floor coverings .  Infections that they cause, are generally chronic .  Subclinical disease can remain for a long time until it begins to spread to other areas of the skin such as groin .  It is important to bear in mind that the space between the toes is the main habitat of these fungi on the human body, so ringworm is often useless to treat other parts of the body, not paying attention to the soles .  In addition, people with chronic foot infection are carriers of infectious microorganisms - they can transmit the infection to those who live with them in the same house, as well as a large number of people when visiting swimming pools and public baths .

• Tinea cruris

This kind of ringworm affects the groin, buttocks and armpits. The disease most often occurs in men. Its development is usually due to the spread of fungal microorganisms with feet on parts of the body located above.

• Tinea unguium, or dermatophyte onychomycosis

The main agents of this type of ringworm dermatophytes are Trichophyton rubrum and T. Interdigitale. In developed countries, the incidence in the population is an average of 3%. In elderly people, this figure rises to 5%, and the athletes, miners and others who, because of an activity regularly use the shared showers and changing rooms - up to 20%.

It is important to note that only 50% of nail dystrophy is caused by fungi, so before taking any antifungal drug, you should get tested and do all the necessary tests.

Dermatophyte onychomycosis can be of two types: superficial onychomycosis, in which spots appear on the nail, with clear boundaries, and invasive hyponychial dermatophytosis - a disease that affects not only the nail plate, and the space under the nail. People with this kind of dermatophytosis observed thickening of the nail plate, the nails are formed yellowish spots, which gradually increased.

• Tinea corporis

This type of ringworm, which usually affects the surface of the hands and feet, and sometimes - skin on other parts of the body. Its agents can be both antropofilnymi dermatophytes (e.g., T. rubrum), and geofilnye zoofilnye and dermatophytes, such as M. and M. gypseum Canis.

• Tinea capitis

This type of ringworm affects the scalp. Some types of the disease lead to damage of the hair follicles, and hair loss even Hair loss - the distress signal .

Ringworm Treatment

The choice for the treatment of ringworm depends on the individual patient. For example, in uncomplicated infections and lesions of a small area of ​​skin can be quite topical application of antifungal agents. For the treatment of infections of the scalp and nails such remedies are often ineffective, and require systemic therapy. In the presence of acute inflammatory processes in the skin, as well as in case of ringworm affects extensive areas of the skin, may also be required systemic therapy. Below the dosing regimens of oral drugs used to treat various types of shingles.