Fine needle aspiration cytology or needle aspiration biopsy - a simple procedure performed by a physician for the diagnosis of nodules in the thyroid gland, or determining goitre.

Cytological diagnosis of thyroid disease Thyroid disease - women at risk   It is considered the most accurate and economical method for determining the different diseases, work-related cancer. Fine needle aspiration cytology - it is not a surgical procedure, but it allows to distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid nodes and select the appropriate method of treatment. Normally used in cytological diagnosis of thyroid cysts The thyroid gland cyst: presentation and survey   for analysis of liquids.

What is a cytological diagnosis of thyroid diseases

Fine needle aspiration cytology or needle aspiration biopsy - a procedure that involves the introduction into the fabric of thyroid fine needle for sampling tissues and fluids. Then the samples taken are examined microscopically, defining the specificity of thyroid disease Thyroid disease - women at risk .

Fine needle aspiration cytology - the only non-surgical method of diagnosing malignant and benign nodules in the thyroid gland, effective in most cases. A thin needle is inserted into the cavity of the cyst or nodule tissue several times for taking cell samples in a syringe. Tissue samples are examined under a microscope, and the results of the study determined the type of education - a benign, suspicious, malignant.

Cytological diagnosis may be required to:

• Determine the type of nodules in the thyroid gland.
• The choice of treatment of thyroid nodular disease.
• Puncture and drainage of the cyst of the thyroid gland, causing pain.
• Injections of the drug for the treatment of cysts.

Preparation for the procedure

Fine needle aspiration cytology does not require long preparation, and to abstain from food or water on the day of the procedure is not required. Nevertheless, better alert the physician when:

• You are taking medications - drugs containing iodine, hormone drugs Hormonal treatments - not only contraceptives , Antithrombotic drugs.
• You have allergies to medicines - particularly in anesthetics.
• You have a bleeding disorder or other similar diseases.
• You are pregnant or breastfeeding.

In some cases, the day before the cytological diagnosis doctor may refuse to accept the anti-thrombotic drugs. In addition, before the procedure may require a blood test for determination of blood diseases.

Performing cytological diagnosis

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure is quite simple and is performed in a doctor's office .  If a nodule in the thyroid gland is easily detectable, tissue sampling is carried out without any special training, a thin needle .  If the location of the thyroid node is difficult to determine, for the precise determination of Education uses ultrasound .  Fine needle aspiration cytology is performed without anesthesia, but before the procedure, the doctor may suggest a sedative to help relax .  During the procedure, the patient is in a horizontal position, with his head thrown back - this posture increases the accuracy of needle insertion and facilitates diagnostics .  Place the needle treated with an antiseptic solution, and then under the skin at the site of thyroid node for sampling tissue cells of the thyroid gland and the fluid is introduced thin needle .  The procedure takes only five to ten minutes .

Complications

Because fine-needle aspiration cytology procedure is very simple, it has almost no side effects. After the procedure, the puncture site may see a small tumor or bleeding, discomfort, which will take place in a few hours. In very rare cases, a biopsy leads to bleeding, infection, formation of cysts. With increasing temperature, the appearance of the tumor, bruising or persistent pain at the puncture site should immediately consult a doctor.

results

Cytological diagnosis can determine the presence of thyroid diseases, inflammation, cancer, or cysts. A normal cytological diagnosis does not mean a guaranteed lack of any violations of the thyroid gland - it is quite possible that the problem is not to diagnose. For example, in the early stages of cancer of the thyroid cysts in some cases cytologic diagnosis of the disease can not be determined. In some cases, your doctor may recommend a second procedure.

Family holidays involve a distraction from everyday worries. But for those who have diabetes Diabetes - threatening and incurable disease They can bring more problems in those "everyday chores" that they had. Holidays bring with them fat and heavy feasting, irregular diet and plenty of family stresses. Take advantage of some of our tips to make family celebrations as they should be: recreation and entertainment.

Fill your fridge healthy food

Each of us is very busy during the holidays and want to spend most of their time shopping, decorating the house or meeting with friends and family, which leaves very little time to prepare healthy meals. So take precautions and prepare food that can be stored in the refrigerator for a few weeks before. Later, you'll thank yourself for what you can throw something out of your pre-cooked in the microwave or oven, and devote their time writing greeting cards.

Refuses to eat with a smile and a compliment

When you have to give up the food lovingly prepared for your friend or relative, make it clear to anyone who is ready, you do not reject it, but just dodge the food, which is not included in your plans. How not to offend anyone in this? Say "no thanks" with regret, and then add how appetizing it looks cooked pie. You might even say that they would like to take a recipe for a friend who loves coconut cake, or ask about the process of making it. And those who are ready, it will be so flattered that forget that you even have not tried a piece.

Change mealtimes to coincide with the time of your relatives

Time your meal goes against time, parents of your spouse? Here's how to find a compromise. Suppose they get up later and you have breakfast at 10:30. Then they skip lunch and eat Christmas dinner at three in the afternoon. To keep blood sugar levels are normal and do not overdo the calories, it is necessary to have a meal early in the morning (at least toast wholemeal) before stand your relatives. Their brunch in this case will be considered as your full breakfast pole still your little lunch. Enjoy a festive family dinner, but do not overeat, and about eight o'clock in the evening arrange a light snack. Do not forget to bring your device to check the level of sugar in the blood, to see how our proposed plan will affect your level.

Lift the entire family on its feet

Take a walk around the neighborhood singing Christmas carols, try to involve all family members in the home decoration or find out where in the city the most elaborately decorated home and go back (taking with him a thermos a Coke without sugar). Remember that physical activity - a great antidote to the buns and a piece of cake.

Allow yourself only truly festive fun

You can skip the toffee Halloween, frozen pumpkin pie for Thanksgiving and pastry shop at Christmas, but still leave a little space for the calories to try something homemade and special for your family, for example, a wonderful chocolate cake, which prepares your wife . Train yourself that allow themselves and what to skip - similar to the process of planning where to spend your "nest egg": Do you want to pull money on all the small stuff that you can buy anywhere, or any special, united in their kind souvenir? But in any case do not limit yourself completely on the holidays, your willpower will not stand and will end all your overeating.

Choose between a piece of cake and a spoon of mashed potatoes

If you know that the dessert will be served your favorite pie, decide whether you want to spend your limit on calories that will happen or mashed potatoes on the table? Of course, in certain circumstances, you should give preference to the main meal, not dessert, but if it's a special day, and you know that you can not resist a small piece of dessert, just make sure you calculate the calories and be able to cut yourself in something other.

Offer to bring a dessert

Find a good recipe, which is low in calories and carbohydrates, and is proud to present it to others. Thus, the table will be at least one dessert that you can eat without fear.

Make your turkey white

Turkey breast - very lean meat, which can be found. Stick to this part of the turkey, but not dark meat (legs and bedryshek), which is much calories and fat. And always say "no" to peel!

Stick to one glass of champagne at New Year

You can celebrate the holiday, but that does not mean you should give up your diet (and common sense) for the holidays. Alcohol can affect blood sugar levels by slowing the release of glucose into the bloodstream, in addition, alcohol contains a lot of calories - that is, 89 calories in a glass of white wine or champagne, 55 calories a glass of vodka and 170 calories in a pint of strong beer. Moreover, alcohol destroys your inhibitions and common sense, and you can not resist junk food, which you have you probably have been avoided.

Check your blood sugar as often as possible

Despite your best intentions, you may eat more than you eat the rest of the year. If you dine in the house of your friends or relatives, you can not estimate the amount of carbohydrates that you eat, or to know how the food on the table will affect the level of sugar in the blood Blood sugar Blood sugar - a very important indicator   - One of the main indicators of human health So it is especially important to regularly check your blood sugar levels, especially after meals. Remember, it is assumed that the level of glucose Glucose: The energy source   It should be between 4.0 and 7.0 mmol / L two hours after a meal.