Veroshpiron it is known for a long time and has proven itself to the best advantage. However, this drug should be taken strictly on prescription, since in addition to removal of the liquid, he still contributes to the delay in the body of potassium, without which it can not function properly the heart muscle. But too much potassium to the body is dangerous.

To write it out?

Veroshpiron used to treat high blood pressure and fluid retention, due to which the developing heart disease, kidney and lung problems. Veroshpiron stimulates kidney so as to remove excess liquid and salts with urine.

How to take it?

It is usually recommended to take veroshpiron twice a day. Follow the instructions received from the doctor or the directions on the package. If you need to take veroshpiron times a day, it is better to do it in the morning; If twice a day, morning and afternoon. Do not take it in the evening, at night, otherwise you will have too often go to the toilet.

Veroshpiron produced in the form of tablets and capsules. Take it with food or immediately after meals. The doctor can alter the dosage and frequency of reception depending on how your body will respond to the drug.

Cautions

Be sure to pass all the examinations, your doctor orders. It is necessary to regularly check blood pressure, as well as to donate blood for analysis. Do not stop taking veroshpirona without consulting your doctor.

It should make some changes in the diet. Avoid salty foods, salt substitutes containing potassium and a large number of products, which include a substance (this, for example, bananas Bananas: the benefits and harms health , Apricots, coconuts, dates, prunes, peaches Peaches: benefits and harms of sun fruits , Grapefruit, tomatoes and oranges).

If you forget to take veroshpiron while, take a tablet as soon as you remember about it. However, if the time to take another pill just around the corner, take the missed dose should not be veroshpirona.

Safety measures

Be sure to tell your doctor if you have kidney disease before you start taking veroshpirona.

Aspirin can weaken the effect of veroshpirona and some other medicines lower blood pressure too, which leads to dizziness and fainting.

Tell your doctor about any medications, prescription and non-prescription, you are taking. This also applies to vitamin supplements, especially those containing potassium.

Keep the medicine out of the reach of children, dry and dark place at a temperature not higher than 25C.

The mechanism of action veroshpirona

Veroshpiron (international non-proprietary name - spironolactone) - diuretic drug, which unlike conventional diuretics potassium does not output, and contributes to its accumulation in the body.

The mechanism of action veroshpirona based on the fact that it competes with adrenal hormone aldosterone-binding to its receptors (the nerve endings that are sensitive to aldosterone) whereby excreted liquid exhaustion, sodium and chloride, and potassium and urea remain in the body and can accumulate . In addition, reduced urine acidity.

When administered drug is completely absorbed into the blood, binds to blood proteins, then enters the liver, it is decomposed into individual metabolic products (metabolites) and excreted in the urine and feces.

Indications and contraindications for use veroshpirona

Veroshpiron appointed:

• at a consistently high blood pressure along with other drugs;
• edema with chronic cardiovascular disease;
• at elevated levels in the blood of the adrenal cortex hormone aldosterone (eg, edema of renal origin, cirrhosis of the liver, which is accompanied by accumulation of fluid in the abdomen);
• with a deficiency in the body of potassium and magnesium, combined with indications for receiving diuretics;
• to identify primary hyperaldosteronism (increased aldosterone release of adrenal hormones).

Contraindications for use veroshpirona:

• at Addison's disease (insufficiency of the adrenal cortex);
• with high content of potassium in the blood;
• under reduced sodium content in the blood;
• with severe renal impairment;
• at a delay of excretion of urine;
• malabsorption of simple sugars (sucrose, glucose Glucose: The energy source Galactose);
• Pregnancy and breast-feeding Breast-feeding: feed - and no nails! ;
• Children under 3 years of age;
• if you are hypersensitive to the components of the drug.

With care, individually adjusted doses veroshpiron appointed in violation of liver and kidney function, some cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and old age. During treatment veroshpironom can not drink alcohol. At the beginning of treatment veroshpironom can not drive vehicles and engage in other activities that require attention, the period is set individually.

In order to evaluate the work of the organs and systems of the human body, there is a lot of research. Biochemical analysis of blood - one of them, it can be used to make a diagnosis, an accurate staging of the disease and choose the treatment. For example, to assess the functioning of the kidney is determined by indicators such as creatinine.

As the exchange of creatinine in the body

Creatinine is one of the end products of protein metabolism. It is formed by the decay of creatine - a substance that is involved in energy supply of muscle cells. Creatine synthesis occurs in the liver, from where it enters the bloodstream and transported to the muscles. There it is joined by a phosphoric acid residue, thereby forming a creatine - a substance that transfers energy in cells.

When muscle tissue from creatine phosphate group is cleaved, it forms creatinine. Last released into the bloodstream at a constant rate, however, its concentration in plasma is maintained at a predetermined level.

But in the early stages of the disease rate varies slightly, so at the same time determine the level of urea.

Normal performance

The concentration of creatinine is dependent on the total volume of muscle tissue, so the content of the substance in the blood of men than in women. In children this rate will be much lower than in adults. During pregnancy, particularly during the second and third trimester, the creatinine concentration in blood plasma decreases. This is due to physiological factors: increase in total blood plasma and increased filtration in the kidneys.

Indicators of creatinine in the blood of healthy people:

• Women - from 53 to 97 mol / L (micromoles per liter of plasma);
• Men - from 55 to 115 mmol / l;
• Children aged up to one year - from 18 to 35 mmol / l;
• In children aged from one to fourteen years of age - from 27 to 62 mmol / l.

Reasons for changes in the level of creatinine in the blood plasma

Conditions that serum creatinine rises:

• Acute renal failure (ARF) - the sudden condition in which the kidneys cease to perform its functions. As a result, the end products of nitrogen metabolism (creatinine, urea), which are normally excreted in the urine collected in the blood. In humans broken exchange water and electrolytes (sodium ions, potassium, chlorine and calcium). During the day, the kidneys produce less than five hundred milliliters of urine. ARF develops against the background of acute diseases of the kidneys (nephritis), disorders of the urinary tract patency, infections, exposure to toxic substances (mercury, arsenic, certain medicines in large doses). A state of shock, which may arise as a result of massive blood loss, extensive burns and injuries, are accompanied by disorders of the kidneys and lead to acute renal failure.
• Chronic renal failure (CRF) - irreversible kidney damage, which develops on the background of chronic diseases of these organs (pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis Glomerulonephritis - a severe infection of the kidneys Amyloidosis). When death occurs CRF nephrons - the structural and functional units of the kidney.
• Acromegaly and Gigantism - neuroendocrine diseases associated with damage to the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus and the increased production of growth hormone Growth Hormone - Medicine will grow   (growth hormone). Gigantism develops in children and adolescents when bones are not only thicker, but also grow in length. Therefore, they have been excessive, but the proportional increase in the limbs and trunk. Acromegaly occurs in adults, when bone growth is already completed, and of course can only grow and thicken.
• The massive defeat of the muscles resulting from trauma or surgery. Creatinine contained in the muscle tissue, a large amount into the blood, causing its level in plasma increases.
• Crush syndrome - a condition that occurs due to the long compression of soft tissue and circulatory disorders in them. The syndrome occurs in victims of the collapses, earthquakes.
• Radiation sickness - a disease that develops after exposure to a person different types of ionizing radiation. Single exposure leads to acute radiation sickness, and constant or intermittent exposure, but for a long time - a chronic form of the disease.
• Hyperthyroidism - disease, which is characterized by increased production of thyroid hormones Thyroid hormones: mechanism of action and physiological effects . This accelerates all metabolic processes in the body, including increased protein breakdown.
• Dehydration, resulting in blood not only increases the concentration of creatinine, but many other substances.
• Elevated levels of meat products in the diet.
• Admission nephrotoxic agents, which include mercury compounds, certain antibiotics (aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, tetracyclines), sulfonamides, salicylates, barbiturates, cimetidine.

The use of certain drugs (reserpine, ibuprofen, levodopa, cefaclor) is also accompanied by a similar pattern.

Reducing the concentration of creatinine is at:

• Fasting or vegan diet when a person does not get enough protein from food;
• Decreased muscle mass;
• Degenerative changes in the muscles;
• Pregnancy;
• Delay excessive amount of body fluids;
• Receiving corticosteroids.

The changes revealed creatinine require further examination. This is necessary to determine the cause of metabolic disorders and prescribing treatment, if necessary.

Alexander Chernov