Acne can not be cured, but it can be controlled with the help of certain methods. The purpose of these techniques - to reduce inflammation in the skin and cleanse the pores and reduce sebum, the emergence of bacteria and help purify the skin cells - this is the kind of acne treatment.

Means against acne can be found in regular pharmacies, as well as individually prescribed by a dermatologist to receive funds.

How are acne

Acne occurs when hormonal changes in the body lead to increased production of sebum and cells themselves inside the skin follicle. Together they form something like a bottle neck, which is sealed and causes the follicle that swells inside. All this leads to the multiplication of a large amount of bacteria that are normally available in the skin and appears acne or acne.

How to clean the skin

If you have acne sometimes appear, they do not need to be treated. If you use cosmetics, they should be water-based.

If you have mild or moderate acne, the best way to combat it, according to many doctors - a combination cleanser then, for example, benzoyl peroxide (it does not pores clogged) and antibiotic topical or sulfur to fight bacteria . Some people may need further treatment with retinoic acid to clear the skin faster.

If you have a small acne, the doctor may recommend treatment with a non-prescription medicines that contain benzoyl peroxide. This substance kills the bacteria that cause acne and prevents dead skin cells clog pores. Treatment with these agents should last at least four weeks. It can also be repeated when the acne go away in order to make it appear again. Means and benzoyl peroxide may be in the form of creams, lotions, means for washing and gels. However, benzoyl peroxide can cause dry skin and obesvechivaniyu, so be careful when using. Try to wear an old T-shirt and lay old bedding for the night, if you apply a remedy to the back or chest.

Salicylic acid is useful for the skin so that it helps to correct the abnormal cell shedding. If you have a small acne, is salicylic acid, your doctor may advise to reveal the pores and prevent the occurrence of inflammations. But acid has no effect on the process of production of sebum and does not kill the bacteria. You may need to use it constantly, as benzoyl peroxide, as the effect of salicylic acid may stop as soon as you stop using it. Salicylic acid is a constituent of many tools to combat acne, including lotions, creams, cosmetic pads.

In combination with other substances such as alcohol, salicylic acid, and resorcinol, sulfur is a part of many OTC acne. Typically, the sulfur is not used as a standalone tool for the treatment because of the odor. But how the sulfur is still not clear.

The alcohol is easier antibacterial and acetone can remove grease from the skin. These two components are part of some non-prescription drugs for the treatment of acne. But they have very little effect on acne.

Now on sale, there are many herbal, organic and natural products to combat acne. However, their effectiveness has not been proven, and they are unlikely to help those who have the problem of acne is very serious.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are drugs that you can buy a doctor's prescription. They can be used topically and orally. The action of antibiotics is that they clean the skin against bacteria that cause acne and reduce inflammation. Antibiotics for topical application are in form of creams, gels, lotions and cosmetic pads. They possess properties not too strong to penetrate the skin and act on acne, antibiotics and systemic action circulate throughout the body and in the cells that produce sebum. However, systemic antibiotics may have more side effects than antibiotics for topical use. Therefore, oral antibiotics are prescribed for very severe acne.

Most antibiotics are prescribed along with other drugs that open follicles. Do not take antibiotics orally during pregnancy.

Azelaovaya acid may also be contained in the preparations for the treatment of acne, as it has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

Retinoids or vitamin A derivatives are used topically and orally for the treatment of acne. Retinoids for topical use help with moderate to severe acne, normalizing the process of growth and cell death of the skin. They can be used in combination with other agents, e.g., benzoyl peroxide and oral antibiotics. Retinoids topical application do not have serious side effects, unlike retinoids for oral use, which are not recommended for use during pregnancy. For minor side effects of retinoids for topical application include redness, dryness and itching of the skin.

Retinoids for oral administration include isotretinoin, which very effectively helps in the treatment of severe acne. Most often, it helps even when other means have proved ineffective in the fight against the strongest acne. But these drugs have serious side effects and is strictly prohibited for pregnant women and those who take contraceptives. Nursing mothers also can not prescribe drugs with isotretinoin. The consequences of taking the drug may become depressed Depression - a little more than a bad mood   and even suicide attempts Suicide in terms of the psychiatrist - can it be prevented? . Therefore, the physician should be prescribed with care to his patients of his. Other side effects of this drug include dry skin and lips, sore muscles and joints, headache and weakened hair.

Oral contraceptives - are female hormones that act on male hormones (e.g., testosterone) and eliminate acne. Appoint oral contraceptives only to women. Especially effective in this case estrogen preparations Estrogen - the key to bone health . The effect of oral contraceptives lasts three to four months. Side effects include nausea, weight gain, a small amount of bleeding and the tension in his chest.

There is a vast number of different skin diseases, from common, such as acne, to rare, serious and sometimes fatal diseases. Their causes, diagnosis and treatment methods are very diverse.

Causes

• Mechanical effects

Friction, pressure, or other forms of mechanical action may lead to the development of various skin diseases. Most at risk are people who, because of professional activity or other causes constantly subjected to some impact on the same areas of the skin.

• Physical agents

Heat, cold, electricity, sunlight, artificial ultraviolet, laser radiation, radioactive substances - is just a partial list of potential agents of skin diseases. For example, under constant exposure to high temperatures, especially in people with obesity or diabetes, can develop sudamen Sudamen - a protective reaction of the organism   or various bacterial and fungal skin disease Fungal diseases of the skin - danger everywhere . Prolonged exposure to cold water or cold temperatures can cause the formation of blisters, ulcers and even gangrene.

• The biological reasons

Bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites can result in primary or secondary skin infections which can cause mild form and provoke life-threatening condition.

• Chemical substances

Organic and inorganic chemicals are a major source of danger to the skin. Every year, in the environment there are hundreds of new chemicals; persons affected by exposure at home, at work - almost constantly. Although most of them are harmless, some can cause skin disease, especially in people with high sensitivity to the effects of certain substances.

• Hereditary predisposition

Skin diseases often develop in people with a family history of; this effect is not always required triggers. People whose relatives have had or have any skin disease, it is recommended to get more information about them, if possible, to avoid the development of the disease.

• Skin type and pigmentation

Holders light skin, red hair, and / or light eyes are usually the most susceptible to skin diseases caused by exposure to sunlight, including skin cancer Skin cancer - a full recovery possible . Furthermore, such a sensitive skin photoreactive chemicals, as well as some plants that may cause skin disease.

However dark and dark skin are more likely than in the light, there is post-inflammatory pigmentation of the skin.

Oily skin is most prone to skin diseases such as folliculitis and acne.

Diagnostics

The doctor can detect many skin diseases with a simple visual inspection. The diagnosis may be the size, shape, color and location of the visible signs of skin disease, and the presence or absence of other symptoms.

If you suspect a skin infection the doctor takes a small sample of skin from the affected area of ​​the skin, and examines it under a microscope. Sometimes laboratory tests are also required.

In allergic reactions to detect allergens performed patch test. To the skin (usually in the upper part of the back) is applied to allergens, and on top is glued patches. First time visiting the skin after 48 hours, and then remove the patches. Re-examination of a patient passes in 96 hours. It often takes a few days to the skin showing signs of an allergic reaction Allergic reactions: how to understand why you tickle in the throat . A reddish rash, usually accompanied by itching, skin when exposed to a particular substance, is usually an indicator that the substance is a human allergen. In some cases, the skin appears irritated, not a sign of an allergic reaction.

Bole to quickly identify the allergens carried prick test - usually the reaction becomes noticeable after half an hour.

In rare cases, when the skin disease can not be diagnosed by other methods, you may need a biopsy.